Shane Willard—The Old Testament has types and symbols that are fulfilled in the New Testament. In Acts 2, we see the Presence of GOD come upon those in the Upper Room. The Presence of God coming in a full way here, is a fulfillment of the types and shadows of what happened in previous Old Testament experiences.

Common occurrences in the Old Testament of God’s Presence coming in a more full way, are symbolized by a mixture of smoke, fire, voices, and this is seen as God’s Presence coming, or the establishment of a temple - holy ground. In the Old Testament, the understanding was that the Presence of God rested on Kings, Priests, the Temple, and Prophets. In the New Testament, when the Spirit of God came in Acts 2, the Spirit of God rested upon ‘all of them’.